Source: UnHerd
by Jacob Howland
“Man, Nietzsche wrote, is ‘the unfinished animal.’ He meant that nature goes only so far in shaping human beings. We become who we are through the distinctively human capacity to produce and understand speech. That’s why Aristotle called us the animal that possesses logos, whose meanings include everything from word to speech, thought to reason, order to logic, proportion to account. This extraordinary semantic richness tries to capture the manifold articulate intelligence that makes us human — an intelligence that, in the first instance, answers to the nature and shape of things as they present themselves to our minds. But today, logos — and therefore our humanity — is under intellectual, political, technological attack. It’s not that people have stopped talking. Rather, the difference between speech and what Aristotle called ‘voice’ (phōnē) — the verbal expression not of reason, thought, and judgment, but emotion — is rapidly being effaced.” (06/05/26)