George Crile, Epinephrine, and the Collapse of Thinking in Modern Medicine

Source: Brownstone Institute
by Joseph Varon

“Modern medicine is often portrayed as the culmination of rational progress. We refer to evidence-based care, standardized pathways, and algorithm-driven decisions as if they represent the highest achievement of scientific advancement. However, a recent meta-analysis of over 150 studies found that while 80% of protocols improve specific outcomes, only 45% lead to long-term health benefits. This discrepancy underscores the complexity of protocol effectiveness. The prevailing assumption is that protocols exist and persist solely because they are effective and have demonstrated their value. This assumption is fundamentally flawed.” (01/23/26)

https://brownstone.org/articles/george-crile-epinephrine-and-the-collapse-of-thinking-in-modern-medicine/